On September 16, 1959, General de Gaulle proclaims Algeria's right to self-determination. The MNA is delighted to finally have a basis for discussion. On the other hand, the supporters of a French Algeria are indignant and protest angrily from January 24 to February 1, 1960. In June, negotiations begin with the GPRA (Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic) while the people become impatient. Finally, on December 11, the independence of Algeria is celebrated in the main cities.